Secolul al XIX-lea: genialitate și revoltă

The 19th century was marked by significant cultural and philosophical shifts, with artists and thinkers challenging established norms. Hegel viewed history as a rational process towards freedom, while Schopenhauer emphasized the struggle of will. Romanticism emerged, characterized by a complex human type, blending passion and melancholy, with themes of genius and rebellion. Artists like Byron and Hugo explored social revolts, while Eminescu encapsulated romantic themes in his works. The era also saw a fascination with the occult, influencing literature. As the century progressed, figures like Poe and Baudelaire shifted focus towards darker themes, leading to modern poetry and realism, which emphasized everyday life.