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Gladiolus bulbs should be dug up in late September to October, about 35-45 days after flowering ends, to avoid frost damage. Proper drying and storage conditions are crucial for their survival through winter. Bulbs should be cleaned, dried for two to three weeks, and stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place at temperatures between 2-7 degrees Celsius. Regular checks for mold, rot, or excessive dryness are necessary during storage. Following these steps ensures healthy blooms in the following season.